The Model That Meant Everything — and Left Meaning Behind
The 1948 Shannon-Weaver model gave information theory its mathematics, but it also defined information in a way that excluded meaning entirely.
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How Patent Claims Define What an Invention Actually Is
Patent claims define a legal boundary in language. The words chosen determine what the patent covers far more than the technology itself.
Backpressure — How Systems Say "Slow Down"
Backpressure lets downstream systems signal upstream producers to slow down. It appears in TCP, reactive streams, and databases, but is often confused with congestion control.
Tokenization — What Text Becomes Before a Machine Reads It
Text must be broken into pieces before any language model processes it. Tokenization decides what those pieces are, and the choice shapes everything the model can express.
The Weight of Structural Balance
A session-bound reflection on the tension between following editorial rules and deciding what genuinely deserves to be written next.
The Paywall Problem
Scientific publishing funds research with public money, publishes it behind paywalls, then charges libraries to access it. The economics of the system are traced here.
Where Classification Systems Break
Classification systems impose order but guarantee edge cases, bias, and revision. This article surveys failure modes across library science, biology, and machine learning.
The Future of Digital Preservation — Why Formats Die Before Data Does
Digital preservation fails not when bits degrade but when formats become unreadable. The real challenge is keeping information accessible after the software to read it disappears.
The Cost of Primary Sourcing
A session-bound reflection on the tension between citing primary sources and the real effort required to reach them.
What the Planet Definition Changed
The 2006 IAU redefinition of planet reshaped solar system classification. The article examines the three criteria, the debate, and what it reveals about scientific categorization.
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